Prefabricated modular element for constructions

ABSTRACT

A modular prefabricated element (E) for buildings comprising panel means (1) and beam means (2,2′) suitable to be connected to each other by determined fixing means; the said beam means (2,2′) being provided with blades (4) inserted into perforated seats (3) which are in said panel means (1).

The present model relates to a prefabricated modular element for constructions or buildings.

The purpose of the present model is to be advantageously and effectively used in the field of civil and/or industrial buildings, the description of which will make explicit reference without losing its general nature, for the construction of floor slabs and/or coverings in multifloor buildings with frame, wall, core supporting structure or mixed structure and the like, constructed both in wood and/or steel and/or masonry and in concrete and suitable to develop a suitable diaphragm behaviour with respect to horizontal loads and, furthermore, for the construction of vertical walls acting as vertical upwind frameworks.

Another object of the present model is to provide a prefabricated modular element which has a high intrinsic structural lightness and an application flexibility.

A further object of the present model is to provide a prefabricated modular element with optimum seismic-resistant features.

A further object of the present model is to provide a modular element with high environmental sustainability and which can be easily and quickly assembled and mounted.

The structural and functional characteristics of the present model and its advantages with respect to prefabricated elements belonging to the known art and currently available on the market will be clearer and more evident from the claims below, and in particular from an analysis of the description that follows, made with reference to the attached schematic drawings, and relative to a preferred but not-limiting embodiment of the present prefabricated modular element, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a front view of the present prefabricated element;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the prefabricated element of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan bottom view of the prefabricated element of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective bottom view of the present prefabricated element; and

FIG. 5 is a perspective top view of the present prefabricated element.

With reference to the accompanying figures, E generally indicates a modular prefabricated element suitable to be used in the field of civil and/or industrial real estate.

Element E is suitable to define a constructive component with a structural and casing function obtained by the joining of a panel made of wood or other material similar to metallic profiles, preferably cold-formed channels in rectilinear axis steel having an open section. The joining between the wooden panel and the metallic profiles is done by the use of mechanical devices of various types and/or structural adhesives. The collaboration between the wood-based panel and the metallic profiles gives the so composed element strength and stiffness characteristics which are higher than the sum of the performance capabilities of the individual constituent frameworks.

In particular, the so-defined constructive component, subject to bending for vertical loads, is able to ensure a carrying capacity of 25 or more times its weight, is advantageously used to realize both the horizontal structure such as floor slabs or coverings, and the vertical supporting walls. The wooden panel may be provided with one or more openings and/or through or partial holes, and it is suitable to be fixed to the supporting structure of the building by connections arranged at the edges of the wooden panel and/or at the end of the aforementioned metallic profiles.

In particular, the peculiarities that distinguish the element E from a constructive point of view are: the collaboration developed between the metallic elements and the wooden element, with the creation of a composed two-dimensional steel-wooden system having high performance and lightness; the assembly of the constituent elements implemented taking suitably into account the different degree of constraint required to the system from the ends to the centreline section, with the consequent reduction of joints used to transfer the composed action on the individual constituent frameworks; the pre-processing of the individual composing elements which, on the one hand, involves the construction of customized metallic beams wherein some parts of the connection system are integrated and, on the other hand, the preparation of the wooden-based panel with the creation of holes or cavities having variable number and shape depending on the mechanical performance to be achieve.

More in detail, according to what illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5, the element E comprises, in the upper part, a wooden panel 1 in “XLAM” (plywood made of hardwood board having crossed layers) and two steel collaborating beams 2 and 2′ jointly arranged below the wooden panel 1, as better specified hereinafter.

The panel 1 is defined by several layers, preferably five layers, crossed and glued together of fir-wooden axes, with indicative dimensions of 2400×6000 mm and an indicative thickness of 85 mm.

In the panel 1 there are perforated pockets 3 having indicative dimensions of 20×150 mm with an indicative depth of 80 mm.

Each beam 2,2′ is made of two shaped press-formed made of steel or equivalent material which are welded together to form a single “omega” profile. The base material is, preferably but not limited to, a 4 mm thick steel sheet having the S 355 JR quality. The coupling and the folding of such sheets are designed to create a supporting surface for the soffit of the wooden panel 1, exposing, at the same time, blades 4 having a dimension of about 70×140 mm on the top of the shaped elements, on both sides of the shaped elements themselves. The blades 4 are perforated with a plurality of holes, preferably but not limited to eighteen holes with 014 mm and, on the same blades 4, it is provided the mechanical fixing of spacer rivets.

Preferably, the so-made steel beams 2 and 2′ are then hot galvanized.

The junction between the wooden panel 1 and the beams 2,2′ is done with the following preferential mode:

-   -   casting an epoxy resin mixture HILTI CB-G EG in the pockets 3 of         the wooden panel 1;     -   inserting the blades 4 into the pockets 3 just resinated (the         spacer rivets ensure that the blade has its entire surface in         contact with the epoxy resin mixture);     -   fixing screws, such as \WM ASSY VG TC 06*80 mm screws and full         washers for Wutrh ASSY 3.0 TPS 06 screws.

The modular prefabricated element E described above and illustrated is, thus, provided with the following remarkable advantages:

-   -   Intrinsic structural lightness, with high carrying         capacity/weight ratio.     -   Dry mounting, with few and simple operations that likely require         the use of screws and/or bolts.     -   Rapid production and marking in production plant;     -   Environmental sustainability: during the construction of the         composed components, recyclable and/or natural materials are         mainly used. In addition, the element has been studied with the         aim of developing an effective collaboration between the         wooden-based and the metallic-based elements, with the aim of         reducing consumption and avoiding material waste;     -   Modularity: the present element has plan view dimensions         designed to facilitate the transportation and the installation.         In addition, the composed element is able to integrate into the         major modern bearing systems without changing the related         construction process and it also allows to replace the floor         slabs and/or the coverings of the existing buildings;     -   Flexibility: the present element can be disassembled, retrieved         and reused, or replaced at any time after the construction of         the building.     -   Seismic-resistance: in the construction of the horizontal         structure and of the vertical walls of the present element, it         gives the entire structure a high stamina to both horizontal and         vertical loads, particularly limiting the damage to seismic         actions, in particular thanks to the reduction of the structural         seismic mass. 

1. Modular prefabricated element (E) for buildings, characterized in that it comprises panel means (1) and beam means (2,2′) suitable to be connected to each other by determined fixing means; said beam means (2,2′) being provided with blades (4) inserted into perforated seats (3) which are in said panel means (1).
 2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the said panel means (1) are realized in wooden or equivalent material.
 3. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that the said panel means (1) have a multilayer structure.
 4. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the said beam means (2.2) are realized in metallic or equivalent material.
 5. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the said means (2.2) are made of galvanized steel.
 6. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the said fixing means comprise structural adhesive means and/or mechanical fixing means.
 7. Element according to claim 6, characterized in that the said adhesive means comprise a mixture based on epoxy resin.
 8. Floor slab, covering or floor of a building, made of at least one modular prefabricated element according to claim
 1. 9. Wall of a building made of at least one modular prefabricated element according to claim
 1. 